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Cleve Backster
Grover Cleveland "Cleve" Backster, Jr. (February 27, 1924 – June 24, 2013) was an interrogation specialist for the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), best known for his experiments with plants using a polygraph instrument in the 1960s which led to his theory of "primary perception" where he claimed that plants "feel pain" and have extrasensory perception (ESP), which was widely reported in the media but was rejected by the scientific community.
==Biography==
He was born in Lafayette Township, New Jersey on February 27, 1924.〔''U.S. Public Records Index'' Vol 2 (Provo, UT: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc.), 2010.〕〔Matté, James Allen. (''Forensic Psychophysiology Using the Polygraph: Scientific Truth Verification'' ), p. 39. J.A.M. Publications, 1996. ISBN 9780965579407. "Cleve Backster, born Grover Cleveland Backster, Jr., on 27 February 1924 at Lafayette, New Jersey, received an appointment on 12 April 1948 as Plans Officer at the newly formed Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) whose near total operation was headquartered at 2430 E. Street, N. W. in Washington D. C...."〕 Backster began his career as an Interrogation Specialist with the CIA, and went on to become Chairman of the Research and Instrument Committee of the Academy for Scientific Interrogation. He is the former director of the Backster School of Lie Detection in San Diego, California and was a polygraph instructor before his experiments on plants. He got a D.Sc. in Complementary Medicine from Medicina Alternativa in 1996 and was on the faculty of the California Institute for Human Science Graduate School and Research Center founded by Hiroshi Motoyama which is unaccredited.〔 He wrote the book ''Primary Perception — Biocommunication with Plants, Foods, and Human Cells'' which describes 36 years of his work and was published in 2003.〔Cleve Backster, ''Primary Perception: Biocommunication with plants, living foods, and human cells'' (2003) White Rose Millennium Press, ISBN 0-9664354-3-5〕〔 He died on June 24, 2013 after a prolonged illness.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.policepolygraph.org/downloads/grover-cleveland-obituary.pdf )〕
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